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A dopamine loop is a repeated cycle of cue, seeking, reward, and renewed seeking that can hold attention in place.
Emotion regulation is the ability to notice, name, adjust, and express emotions in ways that fit the situation.
Executive function is a set of cognitive control skills that support planning, attention, impulse control, task switching, and follow-through.
A habit loop is the structure in which a cue triggers an action and a reward strengthens the repetition.
An implementation intention is a self-regulation strategy that specifies when, where, and what you will do, often in an if-then format, to make action more likely.
Rumination is a repetitive thinking pattern that replays past events or difficult feelings without leading to useful resolution.